Large Group methods for creating the future
Real Time Strategic Change
Purpose: To create a Preferred Future with System-wide Action Planning
Dannemiller and Jacobs
2 – 3 day event, with follow-ups. Between 100 and 2,500 participants (although it can be used in smaller and larger groups. See Real Time Strategic Change for more details.
The Search Conference
Purpose: To create a future vision
Merrylyn and Fred Emery
Set format: Environmental scan, history, present, future. Two and a half days minimum. 35 + participants.
Future Search
Purpose: To create a future vision
Weisbord and Janoff
Set format: Past, Present, Future, Action Planning. 18 hours over 3 days.
40 – 80+ participants.
ICD Change Model
Purpose: Strategic planning.
Stakeholder participation. 2 – 7 days. 50 – 200 participants.
Large Group Methods for Work Design
The Conference Model
Dick and EmilyAxelrod
Uses five conferences: Vision, Customers, Technical, Design, Implementation. 80 + participants. 2+ days for each of the five conferences.
Fast cycle full participation work systems design
Pasmore, Fitz and Frank
System preparation work. Five meetings: Future Search, Meeting External Expectations, Work systems analysis, Work Life Analysis, New Design and Implementation. 30 – 80 participants for each meeting.
Real Time Work Design
Dannemiller and Tolchinsky
Whole system present at launch/ implementation (50 – 2,400)
One day conferences on key design support issues. Design team manages process.
Participative Design
Fred and Merrylyn Emery
Bottom up process. Company-wide education is first step. Management sets minimum specificaions. Six design principles used to re-design work. Multi – skilling the norm.
Large Group Methods for Discussion and Decision-making
Simu-real
Donald and Alan Klein
Purpose: Real-time work on current issues. Test future designs. Learn about system.
Organisation selects issue for work. Room arrangements reflect organization structure. People act their organisation role. 50 – 150 people.
Work- Out
Purpose: Problem identification and process improvement
Improvement target selected. Employee cross- functional meeting. Process is to discuss and recommend. Immediate senior management response.
Large scale interactive events
Purpose: Problem-solving
Same methodology as Real Time Strategic Change. Many different uses.
Open Space Technology
Harrison Owen
Purpose: Discussion and exploration of system issues
Least structured of all LGI’s. Divergent process. Large group creates own agenda topics. See Open Space for more details.